Easy ways to cut down on sugar

The Action on Sugar campaign was launched yesterday to tackle concerns that we’re all consuming too much sugar. 

While the debate rages on what can be done about the national obesity problem, here are Healthy Food Guide’s practical tips on how to reduce your own sugar intake – plus we reveal which foods are higher in sugar than you may have thought.

7 ways to replace the white stuff:

1.     Get baking – if you like the occasional cake or biscuit, make your own so you can control the ingredients (you can normally halve the sugar content without affecting the quality). Look out for healthier sweet recipes in the pages of HFG.

2.     Try sugar substitutes – natural products like stevia are sweeter than sugar, with fewer calories.

3.     Use spices for flavour without the sugar – try cinnamon, mixed spice and ginger in stewed fruits, porridge and puddings.

4.     Watch the drinks – alcohol, fizzy drinks and juices are an easy way to overload on sugar without noticing. Try sparkling water with lemon slices and fresh mint sprigs, chilled herbal teas or diluted juice.

5.     Look out for hidden sugar in unlikely foods (see below) – look for ingredients ending in ‘ose’ on the ingredients label and check out the value for sugars: less than 5g per 100g is considered low in sugar while more than 15g per 100g is considered high (although this value refers to all sugars, not just added ones).

6.     Choose lower-sugar versions of cereals, baked beans, soups, canned tomatoes and ketchup.

7.     Eat fewer processed carbohydrates such as white bread, croissants, muffins, biscuits, cakes, chocolate and sweets. These convert rapidly to glucose in the blood, so high levels may contribute to energy highs and lows and cravings. Switch to wholegrains instead.

Do you know where sugar is lurking?

Food doesn’t have to taste sweet to contain sugar. Check out some of the more unlikely products you’ll find it in if you look closely…

* 30g cornflakes = ½tsp

* 1tbsp salad cream = ½tsp

* 1tbsp balsamic vinegar = ½tsp

* 1 slice bread = ½tsp

* 1tbsp tomato ketchup = 1tsp

* Half a large tin mushroom soup = 1tsp

* 2tbsp coleslaw = 1tsp

* A third of a jar of salsa = 1tsp

* 30g branflakes = 1½tsp

* 125g ready made Bolognese sauce = 2tsp

* 400g lasagna ready meal = 3tsp

* 400g chicken tikka masala ready meal = 3½tsp

Sugar in our diets: what's the risk?

By Paul McArdle, British Dietetic Association dietitian and diabetes specialist

The newly launched Action on Sugar Campaign is pushing for a reduction of 20-30% in the amount of sugars in our diet – sugar hidden in products we buy and the sugar we add to our food and drink. Can our sweet addiction really put us at risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes?

It's true most of us are consuming too much sugar, and much of the sugar we consume is already in pre-packaged or convenience foods.

Although sugar has fewer than half the calories of fat, it's very easy to consume large quantities of it, especially in the form of drinks, which doesn't leave you feeling very full or satisfied. Often foods with added sugar provide very few nutritional benefits and, therefore, 'empty calories'.

The British Dietetic Association (BDA) supports the call by the campaign group Action on Sugar for the food industry to reduce the sugar added to foods. If successful, the reduction in sugar may contribute to cutting the number of calories people are eating.

This is the main problem: the sugar we eat is part of a diet which is already too high in calories – indeed it may be contributing to this, and therefore to the increasing numbers of people who are overweight and obese. Small amounts of sugar, as part of a balanced diet and in people who are successfully managing their weight, is not necessarily a problem. Moreover, there are no research studies that have proved eating sugar causes type 2 diabetes. However, there are studies that look at links between dietary patterns and the risk of developing type 2 diabetes.

One such link is sugar-sweetened beverages. A very large study of men found an association between drinking sugar-sweetened beverages and developing type 2 diabetes. Over a 20-year period, it showed a 24% increased risk for those with the highest intakes of these drinks. This doesn't demonstrate they are the cause of the diabetes in the study population, as different types of research studies would be needed to determine that. Watch this space.

Rethink your drink

By Emer Delaney, British Dietetic Association spokesperson 

We all know that giving children fizzy drinks is never a great idea because they are high in sugar and have very little nutrients. Some contain the equivalent of eight heaped teaspoons of sugar, which can not only contribute to weight gain as they don't make your child feel full, but can also damage their teeth. And now health experts have calculated there's even more sugar in some smoothies and health drinks. While there are no recommendations on the number of sugary drinks that are allowed, parents should limit them as best they can.

Research has shown that children aged four to ten years get 16% of their sugar intake from soft and fizzy drinks and soft drinks were the largest contributor to sugar intake for children aged four to eighteen years.  These are frightening figures because when kids drink too much juice, juice or sport drinks their intake of milk declines and they get too little calcium for their growing teeth and bones.

Whether its fruit juice or fizzy drinks, the source of the sugar doesn't matter as any sugar the body doesn't need will be converted to fat. Also, when children have these drinks on an empty stomach, the body takes in sugar so quickly, insulin spikes and then drops suddenly, leaving them feeling hungry.   50% of UK children are now overweight so limiting these drinks is more important than ever.

So what can parents do? Limit the drinks for special occasions only like parties or holidays; dilute fruit juices with water; try flavoured water or de-caffeinated tea for a change. But the easiest and clearest message for all - milk or water should be a child's only choice.

We need to empower our children to make their own decisions and to teach them that too many fizzy drinks, fruit juice or sweet drinks are bad for their bodies. Change doesn't happen overnight, but we can start making small steps today and make it happen today.

Give kids 5-a-day… in a chocolate drink?

By Andrew Wilson

You want your child to get all the nutrition they need, but they simply refuse to eat any fruit or veg. Encouraging children to eat a wide variety of foods can be a battleground and one faced by many parents at mealtimes.

So could the launch of new chocolate-flavoured drink Kidz 5 A Day help tackle the issue? The drink promises to give children all the vitamins and minerals they need for healthy growth – and kids love it!

While there is limited nutritional information about this product available on the Kidz 5 A Day website, the ingredients are essentially fruit and veg, which provide vitamins, minerals and phyto-nutrients. However, there is added cocoa (presumably to give it it’s chocolate flavour) and sea salt. 

Achocolate drink with extras might seem like a great option, but don't be tempted to rely on it as a replacement for fruit and vegetablesas such sweet-flavoured tactics may lead to bigger problems later. 

Regularly giving children drinks that taste of chocolate, for example, will encourage them to eat and drink more chocolate, which is not conducive to good eating habits. And trying to break these habits later in life can be very difficult.

However, forcing a child to eat fruit and vegetables may cause them to eat less of these healthy snacks, strengthening their preference for the unhealthy options you are trying to limit.

But don’t be disheartened – when a child is hungry, they will eat. If a new food is rejected the first time, offer it again later. The more often a child is offered something new to eat rather than told to eat it, the more likely they are to accept it. This could take several attempts – eight to 10 times – so patience is definitely required, but it will teach your child to choose healthy options. And remember, children will be more likely to try and enjoy new foods if they see their parents eating them.

Chocolate flavours aside, it is important for children to drink plenty throughout the day to prevent dehydration and tiredness. Water and milk are the most suitable options; pure unsweetened fruit juice, well diluted (one part juice to eight parts water), can be offered at mealtimes, but are not recommended between meals. Meanwhile, ordinary and ‘diet’ varieties of squashes, juices and fizzy drinks are best avoided, but if they are consumed, keep them to main meals only as they can erode the surface of the teeth.

Andrew Wilson is a registered dietitian and spokesperson for the British Dietetic Association.